Braveheart

Braveheart (also known as “ Coeur Vaillant au Québec 1″ ) is a British – American film produced, directed and performed by Mel Gibson , released in 1995 . It tells so romanticized the life of William Wallace , hero and symbol of Scottish independence , which at the end of xiii th century, fought at the head of the Scottish clans united, the troops of King Edward I st of England who was trying to invade Scotland . The film won five Oscarsthe 68 th ceremony , including those of Best Film and Best Director .

Summary

Edward I st of England , nicknamed Longshanks ( “leggy”) but The Hammer of Scots by the English, occupies much of southern Scotland . His oppression leads to death the father and brother of the young William Wallace . Years later, after Wallace has been raised abroad by his uncle, the Scots continue to live under the cruel laws of Edward st . Wallace returns to his native village with the intention of living as a farmer and to avoid getting involved in the turmoil that is agitating the country. He meets his friend and childhood lover, Murron MacClannough, to whom he shows thethistle , carefully preserved, which she had given him when they were children. The two young men marry in secret in order to avoid the decree of the noctis primae(right of the “first night”) that the king has stated. Later, when an English soldier brutalizes Murron and tries to rape her, Wallace flies to her rescue. He helps her ride so that she escapes while holding the soldiers. But she is finally captured and the sheriff cuts her throat in public, proclaiming, “An attack on the king’s soldiers is like an attack on the king himself”. In retaliation, Wallace, soon joined by the villagers, massacred the English garrison and cut the sheriff’s throat at the very spot where he killed Murron, and with the same dagger . Thus begins Wallace ‘s quest for the independence of Scotland .

When Edward first heard the news of the rebellion of Wallace, he charged his son, the first Prince of Wales in history, also named Edward , to end it. Prince Edouard is married to Isabelle de France but abandons him because he is homosexual. Meanwhile, Wallace and his troops multiply the blows and new strengths join him as his fame grows. Wallace inflicts a grievous defeat on the English army sent against him during the Battle of Stirling . He then sacks the city of York . Wallace is also seeking support from Robert Bruce, a strong pretender to the throne of Scotland, but this one, despite his admiration for Wallace, is very much influenced by his father, the leper, who presses him to support Wallace officially while remaining secretly close to the English.

Given the scale that takes the rebellion, Edward first sent the Princess Isabelle negotiate peace with Wallace. He refused gold, securities and land offered to him in exchange for his submission and impressed on Isabella, who expected to find a bloodthirsty barbarian blood, not a grown man. Later, learning that Edward first preparing a surprise attack against Wallace, Isabelle sends his servant to warn of the danger. Wallace tries to unite the Scottish nobles against the English but on the battlefield of Falkirkhe is betrayed by the nobles Lochlan and Mornay. The Scots are defeated and Wallace discovers that Robert Bruce was in the English staff. He refuses to kill him, however, and Bruce, seized with remorse, allows him to escape the capture. Wallace then kills Lochlan and Mornay in retaliation and now leads a guerrilla war against the British.

Edward first made ambush Wallace by his killers, but warned again by Isabella, he foiled the trap and burned alive the English killers. He finds Isabelle falling under his spell and sleeping with him, discovering the love that Edward II did not give him.

Robert Bruce is now eager to join forces with Wallace, but at a meeting between them, Bruce’s father and other Scottish nobles are betraying them. Wallace is captured and delivered to the English while Bruce denies his father. Wallace is taken to London and sentenced to death for high treason, and that Edward st is now seriously ill and close to the end. Isabelle, who came to see Wallace in prison, offers to poison him to escape the torture but he refuses. Isabelle teaches the king, now unable to speak, that the child she expects, a priori the future Edward III of England, is from Wallace, and promises him to put an end to his lineage. Wallace publicly suffers terrible torturebut refuses to implore the king’s grace. Instead of yelling “Mercy” for an end to his torment, he screams “Freedom”, meaning ascribed the King of England, and the two characters die at the same time, Wallace beheaded with an ax and the king on his bed

Years later, Robert Bruce refuses to submit to a British army and, invoking the memory of Wallace leads the Scots to victory at the Battle of Bannockburn , ensuring the independence of Scotland.

Technical sheet

  • Original and french title: Braveheart
  • Québec title: Valiant heart
  • Director: Mel Gibson
  • Scenario: Randall Wallace
  • Music: James Horner
  • Photography: John Toll
  • Editing: Steven Rosenblum
  • Sets: Thomas E. Sanders
  • Costumes: Charles Knode
  • Makeup: Peter Frampton
  • Sound: Andy Nelson
  • Credits: Kyle Cooper
  • Production Companies: Icon Productions ( Mel Gibson and Bruce Davey ), The Ladd Company ( Alan Ladd Jr. ) and BH Finance CV ( Stephen McEveety )
  • Distribution Companies: 20th Century Fox and Paramount Pictures
  • Budget: 72 million 2
  • Country of origin: United States
  • Original languages: mostly English , partly French , Scottish Gaelic and Latin
  • Format: colors – 2.35: 1 – 35 mm – DTS – Dolby Digital
  • Genre: History
  • Duration:
    • 178 minutes (length: 4,750 meters )
    • 225 minutes (long version)
  • Release dates:
    •  United States :( Seattle Festival ),(first in Los Angeles ), (national release)
    •  France :
  • (en) CNC Mention : all public (operating visa o 88091 issued September 8, 1995) 3

Distribution

Sophie Marceau plays Isabelle de France
  • Mel Gibson (VF: Jacques Frantz , VQ: Hubert Gagnon ) : William Wallace
  • Sophie Marceau (VF: herself, VQ: Violette Chauveau ) : Isabelle de France
  • Patrick McGoohan (VF: Bernard Dhéran ; DV: Vincent Davy ) : Edward st of England
  • Angus Macfadyen (VF: Bernard Lanneau , VQ: Luis de Cespedes ) : Robert the Bruce
  • Brendan Gleeson (VF: Marc Alfos , VQ: Benoit Rousseau ) : Hamish Campbell
  • Peter Hanly ( VF: Denis Laustriat , VQ: Jacques Lavallée ) : Prince Edward
  • Catherine McCormack (VF: Rafael Moutier , VQ: Genevieve De Rocray ) : Murron MacClannough
  • Brian Cox (VF: Benoît Allemane , VQ: François L’Écuyer ) : Argyle Wallace
  • Sean Lawlor (VF: Michel Fortin , VQ: Jean-Luc Montminy ) : Malcolm Wallace
  • David O’Hara (VF: Dominique Collignon-Maurin , VQ: Pierre Auger ) : Stephen the Irishman
  • James Cosmo (VF: Michel Vocoret , VQ: Claude Préfontaine ) : Campbell
  • Ian Bannen (VF: André Falcon , VQ: François Cartier ) : The leprous father of Robert the Bruce
  • Tommy Flanagan (VQ: Gilbert Lachance ) : Morrison
  • John Kavanagh (VF: Jean-Claude Balard , VQ: Jean-Marie Moncelet ) : Craig
  • Alun Armstrong (VF: Michel Barbey , VQ: Ronald France ) : Mornay
  • Tam White (VF: Benoît Allemane , VQ: Edgar Fruitier ) : MacGregor
  • John Murtagh (VF: Michel Ruhl , VQ: Alain Clavier ) : Lochlan
  • Sean McGinley ( VF: Georges Berthomieu , VQ: Mario Desmarais ) : MacClannough
  • Rupert Vansittart : Lord Bottoms
  • James Robinson: William Wallace young
  • Mhairi Calvey: Murron MacClannough young
  • Gerard McSorley (VF: Bernard Woringer , VQ: Jean Brousseau ) : Cheltham
Sources and legendFrench version (VF) on AlloDoublage 4 and Voxofilm 5 . Quebec Version (VQ) on Doublage Quebec 6

Design and production

Genesis and development

The scenario of Braveheart is based mainly on The Acts of the Illustrious and Deidis and Vallyeant Campioun Schir William Wallace , a poem epic of Harry Blind , author of the xv th century. Faced with criticism, screenwriter Randall Wallace defended himself: “Is Blind Harry right? I do not know. I know that it spoke to my heart and that’s what mattered N 1 ” 7 .

Icon Productions , the production company of Mel Gibson , has difficulty finding investors, even highlighting Mel Gibson as headlining the film. Warner Bros. is ready to contribute funds to the project if Mel Gibson agrees to sign for a new episode of Lethal Weapon , that denies the actor . Paramount Pictures agreed to distribute the film in the United States and Canada , provided that 20th Century Fox is doing as a partner for the international rights 8 . The Braveheart projecttakes so long for Mel Gibson that Luc Besson ends up giving up the idea of giving him the lead role of the Fifth Element , despite the actor’s agreement to shoot in this film 9 . Meanwhile, Mel Gibson turned to Terry Gilliam to direct Braveheart , but the latter declined the proposal and decided to make it himself 10 .

Shooting

Mel Gibson during the 1994 Braveheartshoot .

During filming , the team spends six weeks in Scotland as the main battle scenes are filmed in Ireland , with the participation of members of the Irish Army Reserve , who have been granted an exceptional right to grow beard 11 . To lower costs, Mel Gibson uses the same extras to play soldiers on both sides. The number of extras goes up to 1,600 for some scenes 11 . Mel Gibson was later softened the battle scenes to avoid the film to be rated NC-17 by the MPAA 12 .

The interior sequences were filmed in studios Ardmore and many scenes were shot in the castle of King John in Limerick , which was already used for scenes of The Big Red One of Samuel Fuller 13 . The scenes concerning Wallace’s headquarters are shot at Glen Nevis 14 . The walled city of York is actually the Trim Castle in County Meath in Ireland 15 .

Gibson said he was inspired of the great cinematic epics he loved as a child, like Spartacus of Stanley Kubrick and The Great Outdoors of William Wyler . In the making-of DVD , he says he learned a lot from George Miller and Peter Weir , two filmmakers who directed early in his career. The Celtic atmosphere of the film is partly explained by the origins Irish Mel Gibson 16 .

Music

The original music for Braveheart was composed and conducted by James Horner , and performed by the London Symphony Orchestra . The soundtrack was published in 1995 by the Decca label , then another album, entitled More Music from Braveheart and published in 1997 , also by Decca, offered other excerpts and included dialogues of the film.

List of album titles

Braveheart: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack ( 1995 ):

  1. Main Title (2:51)
  2. A Gift of a Thistle (1:37)
  3. Wallace Courts Murron (4:25)
  4. The Secret Wedding (6:33)
  5. Attack on Murron (3:00)
  6. Revenge (6:23)
  7. Murron’s Burial (2:13)
  8. Making Plans / Gathering the Clans (1:52)
  9. “Sons of Scotland” (6:19)
  10. The Battle of Stirling (5:57)
  11. For the Love of a Princess (4:07)
  12. Falkirk (4:04)
  13. Betrayal & Desolation (7:48)
  14. Mornay’s Dream (1:15)
  15. The Legend Spreads (1:09)
  16. The Princess Pleads for Wallace’s Life (3:38)
  17. “Freedom” / The Execution / Bannockburn (7:24)
  18. End Credits (7:16)
More Music from Braveheart ( 1997 )
  1. Prologue / “I Shall Tell You of William …” (Dialogue-Robert the Bruce) (3:35)
  2. Outlawed Tunes on Outlawed Bag Blowjob (2:03)
  3. The Royal Wedding (dialogue-Robert the Bruce) (2:12)
  4. “The Trouble with Scotland” (Dialogue-King Edward the Longshanks) (0:40)
  5. Scottish Wedding Music (1:14)
  6. Prima Noctum (1:46)
  7. The Proposal (dialogue-Wallace and Murron) (1:35)
  8. “Scotland Is Free!” (Wallace-dialogue) (0:17)
  9. Point of War / JonnyCope / Up in the Early Morning (traditional) (2:59)
  10. Conversing with the Almighty (dialogue-various) (1:20)
  11. The Road to the Isles / Grendaural Highlanders / The Old Rustic Bridge by the Mill (traditional) (3:52)
  12. “Sound of Scotland!” (Wallace-dialogue) (12:09)
  13. Vision of Murron (1:45)
  14. “Unite the Clans!” (Wallace-dialogue) (0:23)
  15. The Legend Spreads (dialogue-Storytellers) (1:07)
  16. “Why Do You Help Me?” (dialogue-Wallace and Princess Isabelle) (0:37)
  17. For the Love of a Princess (previously released score) (4:05)
  18. “Not Every Man Really Lives” (dialogue-Wallace and Isabelle)
  19. “The Prisoner wishes to Say a Word (dialogue-The Executioner and Wallace) (3:43)
  20. “After the Beheading” (Dialogue-Robert the Bruce) (1:48)
  21. “You Have Bled for Wallace!” (dialogue-Robert the Bruce) (1:22)
  22. Warrior Poets (Wallace-dialogue) (0:29)
  23. Scotland the Brave (traditional) (2:47)
  24. Leaving Glenurquhart (traditional) (3:32)
  25. Kirkhill (traditional) (4:08)

Home

Critic

Braveheart receives 81% positive reviews, with an average score of 7.1 / 10 and based on 53 reviews collected, on the website Rotten Tomatoes 17 . He scores 68/100, based on 20 critics, on Metacritic 18 . In 2008 the magazine Empire has ranked in the 320 th place in its list of the 500 best films of all time 19 .

Box office

Braveheart reported total 210,409,945 $ at the box office worldwide (including 75,609,945 $ to US ), ranking thirteenth-largest cinematographic success in 1995 20 . In France , it achieved 1,231,534 entries 21 . Now is the 527 thmost successful of the history of cinema 22 .

Controversies

Braveheart created controversy because of its extremely violent nature. Mel Gibson got into trouble with animal welfare organizations who believed that the horses used in the violent fight scenes were real, when in reality they were fake.

The film was also singled out for its historical improbabilities. The main battle of Stirling is a bridge, which does not appear in the film, Mel Gibson believed that the bridges did not exist at the time [ref. necessary] . The battle as it appears has more similarities with that of Bannockburn, quoted at the end of the film. In addition, William Wallace has never met Isabelle 23 . In 1305 , the year of Wallace’s death, she was not yet married to Edward II of England(the wedding takes place only 3 years later) and was only 13 years old. No Scots wearing kilts at the time, in fact it is a later garment 24 , to the xvi th century. The revolt of the Scots would have begun, following the practice of the right of cooking by the English lords, according to the film. In the audio track of the movie commentary Mel Gibson says he invented this practice which he called: “prima nocte”. In reality, there is no evidence that this practice existed in the Middle Ages.

Finally, the film was described as Anglophobe 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 27 , 29 .

Long Version

A long version was made with a mostly elongated scene of William Wallace’s torture, supposed to represent the medieval sentence hanged, drawn and quartered and show all the tortures that man had endured.

Distinctions

The Braveheart has won five Oscars on ten nominations. Among the other awards won by the film, the most important are three BAFTA Awards and a Golden Globe .

Awards

Unless otherwise stated or supplemented, the rewards and nominations data are from the IMDb 30 website . The year refers to the holding of the ceremony or the awarding of the prize.

Year Ceremony or reward Price Winner (s)
1996 Oscars Best film Mel Gibson , Alan Ladd Jr. , Bruce Davey
1996 Best Director Mel Gibson
1996 Best photography John Toll
1996 Better sound editing Lon Bender, Per Hallberg
1996 Best makeup Peter Frampton, Paul Pattison, Lois Burwell
1996 Golden Globes Best Director Mel Gibson
1996 BAFTA Awards Best photography John Toll
1996 Best costumes Charles Knode
1996 Best sound Per Hallberg, Brian Simmons, Lon Bender, Andy Nelson, Scott Millan, Anna Behlmer
1996 Empire Awards Best film
1996 MTV Movie Awards Best Action Scene N 2
1996 NBR Award Special Achievement Award Mel Gibson
1996 WGA Award Best Original Screenplay Randall Wallace
1996 Eddie Award Best feature editing Steven Rosenblum
1996 Golden Reel Award Best editing sound
effects section and sound effects N 3
1996 E Pluribus Unum Award Best feature
1996 ASC Awards Outstanding performance in cinematography John Toll
1996 Critics Choice Awards Best Director Mel Gibson
1996 Cinema Writers’ Circle Award (Spain) Best foreign film N 4
1996 SEFCA Award Best movie: second place

Appointments

Year Ceremony or reward Price Named (es)
1996 Oscars Best music James Horner
1996 Best Original Screenplay Randall Wallace
1996 Best Costume Design Charles Knode
1996 Best editing Steven Rosenblum
1996 Best sound Andy Nelson, Scott Millan, Anna Behlmer, Brian Simmons
1996 Golden Globes Best Dramatic Film
1996 Best movie music James Horner
1996 Best screenplay Randall Wallace
1996 BAFTA Awards David Lean Award for Best Director Mel Gibson
1996 Anthony Asquith Award for Best Music James Horner
1996 Best artistic direction Thomas E. Sanders
1996 Best makeup and hairstyles Peter Frampton, Paul Pattison, Lois Burwell
1996 Saturn Award Best Action / Adventure / Thriller
1996 Best costumes Charles Knode
1996 Best music James Horner
1996 MTV Movie Awards Best film
1996 Best male performance Mel Gibson
1996 Camerimage Golden frog John Toll
1996 CAS Award Exceptional performance in sound mixing (feature film) Andy Nelson, Scott Millan, Anna Behlmer, Brian Simmons
1996 DGA Award Outstanding performances in realization Mel Gibson

Consequences

Braveheart has attracted considerable interest for Scotland and Scottish history , not only around the world, but also in Scotland itself. Fans come from all over the world to see places in Scotland, where William Wallace fought for Scottish freedom, and also to see locations in Scotland and Ireland . An agreement Braveheart was held in 1997 in Stirling the day after the vote of Scottish devolution and attended by 200 delegates from around the world, whose author Randall Wallace , Wallace Seoras of Clan Wallace, the historianScottish-born David Ross and Bláithín FitzGerald from Ireland who gave lectures on various aspects of the film. Several of the actors also attended, including James Robinson (young William), Andrew Weir (Young Hamish), Julie Austin (the bride) and Mhairi Calvey (young Murron). The film is considered by Braveheart author Lin Anderson  ( From Hollywood to Holyrood) to have played a significant role in affecting the Scottish political landscape of the mid to late 1990s .

In the middle of the music related to gender punk hardcore or metalcore , where the public leads a pogo very violent, one phase (often called upon by the group of singer performing on stage) is called the “Braveheart” (or wall of death or war). In the pit, it is a question of separating the public in two: one part on the left of the stage, the other on the right, and at the time of a start (often given by the singer since the stage), the two parties rush with each other violently. This name comes from the scene of the film where the two opposing armies rush over each other during a battle.

See also

Bibliography

  • (in) Randall Wallace , Braveheart , Pocket, 1995 ( ISBN  978-0671522810 )
  • (in) Lin Anderson, Braveheart: From Hollywood to Holyrood , Luath Press Ltd., 2006 ( ISBN  978-1842820667 )

Related Articles

  • the historical characters represented in the movie
    • William Wallace
    • Edward st of England
    • Robert the Bruce
  • the historical battles represented in the film:
    • Battle of Stirling Bridge
    • First Battle of Falkirk
      • Schiltron (tactical use of pikes against cavalry)
    • Battle of Bannockburn

External links

On other Wikimedia projects:

  • Braveheart , on Wikiquote
  • (en) Braveheart [ archive ] on the Internet Movie Database
  • Braveheart [ archive ] on Allociné

Notes and references

  • (In) This article is partially or entirely from the article in English entitled ” Braveheart ” ( see the list of authors ) .

Notes

  1. ↑ Original quote: ” Is Blind Harry true? I do not know. I know what it is to my heart and that’s what matters to me, that it spoke to my heart . “
  2. ↑ Award attributed to the scene in which the Scots beat the English for the first time.
  3. ↑ Price shared with USS Alabama
  4. ↑ Price shared with Ed Wood

References

  1. ↑ ” http://www.cmontmorency.qc.ca/~vgauthier/films/coeur_vaillant.htm ” ( Archive • WikiWix • Archive.is • Google • What to do? )(Accessed March 24, 2013 )
  2. ↑ (in) Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , on The Numbers (accessed September 9, 2011 )
  3. ↑ ” BRAVEHEART : Visa and Classification ”  [ archive ] , on cnc.fr (accessed June 27, 2016 )
  4. ↑ “French dubbing sheet of the film”  [ archive ] on AlloDoublage , accessed November 30, 2014
  5. ↑ “French dubbing sheet of the film”  [ archive ] on Voxofilm , accessed November 30, 2014
  6. ↑ “French dubbing sheet of the film”  [ archive ] on Doublage Québec , accessed November 30, 2014
  7. ↑ L. Anderson, Braveheart: From Hollywood to Holyrood , p.  27
  8. ↑ (en) http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117926430.html ” ( Archive • WikiWix • Archive.is • Google • What to do? ) (AccessedMarch 24, 2013 )
  9. ↑ Luc Besson , The Story of Fifth Element , Intervista, 1997, p.  11
  10. ↑ http://www.allocine.fr/film/anecdote_gen_cfilm=10080.html  [ archive ]
  11. ↑ a and b (in) Braveheart 10th Chance To Boost Tourism In Trim ”  [ archive ] , on Meath Chronicle ,(accessed April 30, 2007 )
  12. ↑ (in) Mel talks to Wallace Seoras ”  [ archive ] on Magic Dragon Multimedia (accessed 26 April 2010 )
  13. ↑ ” Anecdotes of the movie Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , Allociné (consulted August 13, 2017 ) .
  14. ↑ Faustine Prevot, ” Scotland: those places that served as film set ” Geo , ( read online  [ archive ] )
  15. ↑ ” Ireland at the Movies: Dream Landscapes ”  [ archive ] , Ireland.com (accessed August 13, 2017 )
  16. ↑ (in) “Mel Gibson”, in The Movie Book , Phaidon Press Ltd., 1999, p.  165
  17. ↑ ” (in) Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , Rotten Tomatoes (accessed 11 May 2013 )
  18. ↑ ” (in) Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , Metacritic (accessed 11 May 2013 )
  19. ↑ (in) The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time ”  [ archive ] , Empire (accessed 26 March 2011 )
  20. ↑ ” (in) Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , Box Office Mojo (accessed 6 January 2011 )
  21. ↑ ” Braveheart ”  [ archive ] , on JP’s Box Office (accessed June 4, 2012 )
  22. ↑ http://www.imdb.com/boxoffice/alltimegross?region=world-wide  [ archive ]
  23. ↑ (in) Alex von Tunzelmann, ” Braveheart: Peasants dancing, gleaming teeth and a cameo from Fabio ”  [ archive ] , in The Guardian , (accessed April 26, 2010 )
  24. ↑ (in) Sharon L. Krossa, ” Braveheart Errors: An Illustration of Scale ”  [ archive ] , on medievalscotland.org (accessed26 April 2010 )
  25. ↑ ” Economist.com ”  [ archive ] , Economist.com, (accessed February 27, 2009 )
  26. ↑ ” John Sutherland “, The Guardian , London, ( read online  [ archive ] )
  27. ↑ a and b Braveheart battle cry is now a whisper ”  [ archive ] , London, Times Online, (accessedFebruary 27, 2009 )
  28. ↑ (in) McArthur Colin , Brigadoon, Braveheart and the Scots: Distortions of Scotland in Hollywood Cinema , London u, IB Tauris, ( ISBN  978-1-86064-927-1 , LCCN  2004298452 , read online  [ archive ] ) , p.  5
  29. ↑ Ian Burrell , ” Most race attack victims are` white ‘: The Exiles English – News »  [ archive ] , London, The Independent, (accessed February 27, 2009 )
  30. ↑ (in) Awards for ‘Braveheart’ (1995) ”  [ archive ] on IMDb (accessed 8 March 2010 )

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